Kenya’s New Cybercrime Law Sparks National Outcry over Online Freedoms

By Robai Ludenyi

A new law signed by President William Ruto on October 15, 2024, has stirred widespread concern among Kenyans across the country. The Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes (Amendment) Act 2024 introduces stricter regulations on digital communication and online behavior, aiming to address rising cyber threats such as phishing, identity theft, cyberbullying, and unauthorized SIM-swap crimes. However, many citizens, civil rights groups, and media professionals fear the new rules could easily be misused to silence critical voices, restrict online freedoms, and limit public discourse.

Under the new law, a government committee, the National Computer and Cybercrimes Coordination Committee (NC4)  has been given the authority to block access to websites and applications it deems to be promoting illegal content, including child abuse material, terrorism, or cult-like behavior. While these intentions may sound reasonable, many Kenyans believe the language used in the law is too broad and vague, potentially opening the door to censorship of lawful expression.

Another major concern is the expanded definition of cyber harassment, which now includes any communication likely to cause emotional or psychological harm, or property damage. Offenders could face penalties of up to KSh 20 million or 10 years in prison. Critics argue that such heavy punishments could scare people away from expressing themselves freely online, especially when discussing political or social issues.

Additionally, the law introduces a new offense targeting individuals who unlawfully swap or take over someone’s SIM card, often used in fraud. It also increases penalties for phishing and identity theft carried out through emails or phone calls. While these changes are welcomed by some for tightening digital security, others feel they are part of a bigger push to control how people use the internet.

Various civil society groups have expressed concern that the public had little opportunity to give their views before the law was passed. There are also claims that the bill should have gone through the Senate, as it affects areas managed by county governments. Many Kenyans have questioned why the process was rushed and whether their constitutional rights to privacy and freedom of expression were fully considered.

Reactions from across the country show that Kenyans from different walks of life are worried. Social media users, human rights defenders, journalists, and tech developers are all expressing fear that this law might be used to punish critics and limit free speech. Even though the government insists the law only targets criminals, the public remains skeptical, especially given recent moves that some feel are meant to silence dissent.

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The author is Robai Ludenyi. Journalist and Media Innovator